This subtopic covers Attention and Cognitive Load. Attention is crucial for effective learning, as it determines what information enters the learner's cognitive system. Cognitive load theory describes how the mental effort required to process information affects learning outcomes.
- Intrinsic, Extraneous, and Germane Load: Effective instructional design aims to reduce extraneous load (unnecessary cognitive effort) while supporting intrinsic and germane loads (effort directed toward learning). Learning engineering teams structure content and interfaces to minimize distractions and align mental effort with the learning task.
- Scaffolding and Progressive Complexity: By introducing concepts progressively and providing initial support, learners can better manage cognitive load. Scaffolding techniques are used to guide learners toward independent mastery of content.